Distress Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Distress - Essay Example She first felt the lump in her breast a month prior to admission. She was advised by her GP to have a mammography and the tests revealed that she had a mass in her breast. Further laboratory testing revealed that the mass was malignant and that cancer cells have already metastasized to her liver. She was immediately scheduled for double mastectomy and subsequent chemotherapy. After the surgery, it was discovered that cancer cells also metastasized to her colon. Another surgery is being scheduled to resect the mass in her colon. She is now feeling a lot of distress, mainly because of her children and her family. She is also feeling distress because of her impending surgery and her chances of beating the disease. She fears also the chemotherapy which may or may not work. She mostly fears for the people she will leave behind, who will take care of them, and guide them as children and as young adults. She is also distressing about the pain she knows she might experience as her disease wo uld progress. And finally, she is also distressing about whether or not the medical remedies they are using would work in managing her symptoms and in possibly prolonging her life. She is in a constant state of anxiety, at times she is tearful, and at other times she is panicking. She often wrings her fingers in an obvious state of agitation and concern for her family. She also sometimes displays anger at no one in particular. At which time, she would snap at her health care givers and even at her family members. She often immediately regrets these incidents and would cry about them. At times, she would be sad and melancholy and mostly just insist on sleeping. She would also manifest a brooding and contemplative attitude; these times often lead to moments of worry and of anxiety about herself and her family’s future. She also tries to comfort her family members and just try to be strong for them; but undeniably, there are times when she is very much agitated and anxious about her condition. During these times, she registers with elevated heart rates, breathing rates, and blood pressure rates. She has had no major medical problems. Prior to giving birth to her first child, she has had no history of hospitalization. She is slightly overweight, but not overly so. She has no history of drug and alcohol abuse. She is not a smoker, and only indulges on a glass of red wine during weekends. She tries her best to maintain a healthy diet of fruits and vegetables, but she has not been able to maintain such a diet because her children are picky eaters and they dislike vegetables. Her diet mostly consists of rice, red meat, chicken; breads; potatoes, peas, carrots, fish, legumes, and fastfoods. She was diagnosed with hyperglycemia a year prior to her current admission, but such issue was resolved within one month of taking medications. She has had normal pregnancies for her three children and has carried them all to term. Her menstrual periods have been regular sinc e she first had them; but about a year ago, she started to miss periods. She did not have herself checked because she thought she was already going into menopause. She also experienced some tenderness in her breasts 2 months ago, but she did not feel much pain from the tenderness so she again did not go to her GP for consult. She felt dizzy and nauseated two weeks prior to admission and sought her GP for a consult. She was given medications for a stomach virus. After a day of taking the medications,

Human Growth And Development Analysis

Human Growth And Development Analysis As a social care worker I have often learned through trial and error what works in the real world, basing my practice on common-sense and not on abstract theories. But I recognise my views are often based on opinion and prejudice rather than evidence-based, peer-reviewed knowledge and as Beckett suggests, our own theories and ideas about why people are as they are and behave as they behave, are usually quite inconsistent and arbitrary, based on our own experience and on our own needs (Beckett, 2002:8). Human growth and development theory is concerned with understanding how people grow and change throughout their lives, from the vital early stages to old age, and therefore is essential for informing social work practice. The theory can be applied to a variety of areas within human life and conduct including social, cultural, emotional and psychological, and also, moral, intellectual, spiritual and biological viewpoints. In this assignment I will focus on the psychological and cultural significance of the stages of development in relation to a 12 year old in foster care. Jake, a dual heritage British male, was taken into care 4 years ago following him being removed from his mother Maggie an African Caribbean female aged 32. Jake and Maggie lived in a 3rd floor, 2 bedroom flat in an area where drug dealing and drug related crime is common place. In Jakes bedroom he had a plastic box for his clothes and mattress on the bare floor with a bucket for a toilet as Maggie would lock him in his room when she went out. Maggie had been using drugs for many years and her previous partner (Jakes father) introduced her to heroin 5 years ago. She quickly became addicted and the relationship broke down shortly afterwards. Jakes father has not had any contact or attempted to make contact since the break up. Jake and Maggie had been known to Social Services as Maggie was a victim of domestic violence and spent 4 months in a womens refuge. Jake has had a number of placement breakdowns and has been unable to form any attachments with any of the foster carers. Jake would often defecate around the house and his last placement broke-down because Jake defecated in the foster carers bed then went on to smear their bedroom walls. Jake displayed difficulties in using a knife and fork and would often get frustrated and either eat with a spoon or his hands. Maggie had been diagnosed as suffering from a severe depression, worsened by her drug addiction. It is thought that whilst Maggie was going through a depressive episode she would physically abuse Jake. Jake was often left on his own for long periods whilst Maggie would be out in search of drugs. When she returned home Jake was subjected to emotional abuse and was often blamed by Maggie for their situation. Jake has been in the fostering system for a number of years and in that time he has not formed any meaningful attachments. Whilst in placement Jake disclosed events and thoughts which alerted foster carers to the fact that there may be some unresolved issues that need to be addressed before Jake can move on with his own growth and development. Jake would often revert to pulling his hair and banging his head on the wall if he felt he had done something wrong and was going to be blamed for it. For example, when he accidentally breaking a cup. Jake is being assessed by CAMHs as he has been displaying behaviour that indicates there may be an underlying depressive mental health problem. Theories of human development have produced explanations about the origins of mental disorder in the areas of psycho-analysis and child psychology, from the early grand theories of Freud and Bowlby and further developed by Klein and Ainsworth. Freud saw psychodynamic theory as a more informative model in relating past psychological events to present day symptoms. Freud believed behaviour is not ruled by conscious processes but conflicting unconscious processes, he saw a persons psychological processes involving counteracting forces competing in an intra psychic conflict, a concept shared by many theorists of human growth and development. In Freuds model a child starts life with specific basic instinctual needs, such as for food or sexual gratification. Internally, the id continually seeks to meet these needs, while the ego mediates between the desires of the id and the restraints of the external world, particularly the demands of significant and powerful adults in the childs life, such as his mother and teachers. According to Freud these adult figures are eventually internalised in the form of the superego, or adult conscience. The childs ego attempts to negotiate the competing demands placed upon him, developing his own d istinct personality and progressing to adulthood (Freud, 1949). Eriksons psychosocial stages of development have Freudian psychodynamic origins. The idea that unconscious processes cause conflict within humans is also central to Eriksons theory. His staged development model is based on the idea that these intra-psychic conflicts occur throughout our lives and need to be resolved satisfactorily if we are to avoid psychological distress and mental illness (Erikson, 1995). Eriksons psychosocial theory of human development builds on Freuds psychodynamic model, but while Erikson accepts ideas, such as the unconscious, he rejects concepts of the personality which are described exclusively in terms of sexuality. Again, like Freud, Erikson believed childhood was central in the development of personality, but that the personality continued to develop beyond the age of five (Erikson, 1995). Eriksons psychosocial model describes eight stages from infancy and adulthood. At each stage a person encounters new challenges. If they are not successful in meeting these challenges, they may reappear as problems in the future. However, while each stage presents new challenges, they also provide opportunities to deal with the unresolved issues. In Eriksons model there is no assumption that one stage has to be fully completed or that the most favourable outcome has to be achieved before moving on. In fact, he acknowledges that it is likely that everyone will have unresolved issues from previous stages and there is a favourable ratio between favourable and unfavourable outcomes (Erikson, 1987). However, the more unresolved issues carried forward, will impede successful progressionà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦an unfavourable outcome in one stage makes it more difficult to meet fully the challenge of the next stage (Beckett, 2006:42). Eriksons model proposes a first stage that involves establishing a sense of trust (0 1 yrs.). If partly or completely unsuccessful at this stage, then it will be more difficult to achieve a sense of autonomy at the next stage (1 3 yrs.), and then more difficult still to develop a capacity for initiative in the next stage (3 5 yrs). The next stage in Eriksons model (6 11 yrs) involves establishing a sense of competence and achievement, confidence in ones own ability to make and do things (Beckett, 2006: 43). It is difficult to conclude how successful Jake was able to negotiate previous stages, however it has been suggested that despite adversities some children are able to develop reasonably well-adjusted personalities demonstrating resilience and normal development under difficult circumstances (Crawford Walker, 2003: 48). One of the weaknesses of Freuds and Eriksons theories of human growth and development using stages as the model, is the underlying assumption that everyones lives follow these particular linear lines, and that we all, more or less, achieve the same milestones at the same time. However, we know this is rarely the case. It appears, for instance, that these theories were based solely on a white, male Eurocentric model, and do not consider specifically customs from other cultures or perspective. Baltes (1987), for example, suggests human development is multidimensional, involving biological, cognitive and social dimensions, and multidirectional, not to be viewed as a single fixed route which represents the norm, but as periods of varying growth and differing paths. Bowlby differs from Freud in that he saw an attachment between child, and mother or primary attachment figure (which may differ according to the social and cultural background of family), as an essential need in itself and not simply to meet basic needs, such as, food and sex: Mother love in infancy and childhood is as important for mental health as are vitamins and proteins for physical health (Bowlby, 1953). Attachment theorists maintain that the way we relate to other people through our lives is influenced significantly by our first relationship with our mother or primary attachment figure (Howe, 1995; Howe et al, 1999). They suggest, like Erikson and Freud, that many problems in adulthood stem from unresolved issues in these early attachment relationships and these early relationships can shape an adults ability to form relationships, to parent, to deal with loss, and influence mental health in adulthood (Bowlby, 1990). While accepting much of his work, critics of Bowlby claim he placed too much emphasis on the child/mother relationship and suggest children may form several attachments which can be equally important (Rutter, 1981; Fahlberg 1991). However, children who experience trauma are sometimes unable to progress without repressing or closing down part of their conscious awareness of these events. We can imagine Jake needing to shut out his experiences of childhood neglect and, according to Freud, automatically and unconsciously repress the events of neglect and abuse. We can see how blocking out these unresolved issues could emerge in the form of depression at some point in the future. There is evidence of the social origins of depression in women, suggesting that specific life events, losses and major long term problems, such as childhood abuse, are significant causes of depression (Brown Harris, 1978). I feel that this best reflects Maggies current situation. We can imagine Jake experiencing a sense of loss or maternal deprivation (Crawford Walker, 2003) when faced with his mothers depression. This is a common emotional reaction in carers of adults with depression, the seemingly most central and common experience was the feeling that the person they had known who had become ill had gone away: they had become someone elseà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦there is the loss of the person that was, and secondly, and more complexly, there is the experience of the loss of the previous possibilities (Jones, 1996: 98-99). Although Maggie may have experienced depression continuously before Jakes birth, it is more probable that she had periods of respite when her capacity for emotional warmth and attentiveness to her sons needs was greater than during times of relapse. The difference in the consistency and intensity of a childs attachment relationships is considered an important factor by a number of attachment theorists (Ainsworth, 1973). The theories of human growth and development discussed above suggest that Jakes experience of abuse as a child may prevent him from developing into a mentally healthy adult. He may have automatically and unconsciously repressed the trauma of these events, only to experience the mental distress of depression in the future. Jake may have experienced physical abuse from an early age and failed to successfully achieve a sense of trust or autonomy or develop a capacity for initiative while growing up. Even relatively short periods of physical abuse at crucial stages may have placed severe pressures on his relationship with his mother. Jake may have only known his mother as depressed, but their relationship may have determined Jakes future capacity to form relationships, for instance, with foster carers or at school with friends and teachers. The method of intervention in Jakes life could be usefully informed by research that links mental distress with experiences of powerlessness. It has been suggested that mental distress may be seen as extreme internalisations of powerlessness placing a paralysing power both over those who may experience such forms of distress, and those who share their lives (Tew, 2005: 72). Using social models, Tew suggests two complementary ways to understand mental distress, internalisation or acting out of stressful social experiences and a coping or survival strategyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦to deal with particular painful or stressful experiences (Tew, 2005: 20). A persons mental health needs may, to a certain extent, be determined by their membership of certain social groups that experience systematic oppression (Fernando, 1995; Gomm, 1996). Oppression, exclusion and powerlessness are the central themes of many social models of mental health needs, related to structural inequalities in terms of age, gender, race and class and so on, and involving families in terms of abuse. As social workers we occupy a relatively powerful position and may collude with the systematic oppression of black people with mental health needs: Factors such as oppression, injustice, social exclusion or abuse at the hands of powerful others may be implicated in the sequences of events that lead up to many peoples experiences of mental and emotional breakdown. Power issues may also shape the reactions that people receive from professionals and the wider community-for example, evidence suggests that African-Caribbean people may be more likely than many white groups to b e dealt with more coercively (Tew, 2005: 71). When coming to a stage where we may be better able to understand Jakes current circumstances and making initial judgments about the type of intervention most effective in this case, we need to recognise the limitations of our insights and avoid the pitfalls of making uncritical assumptions. Tew suggests that empowerment can be an integral part in the process of Jakes recovery. He outlines a model of power in terms of protection and co-operation and oppressive and collusive: In its more negative forms (oppressive or collusive power) it may be seen to play a role in constructing social situations which contribute to distress or breakdownà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦in its more positive forms (protective or co-operative power) it starts to define the territory for effective partnership working, anti-oppressive practice and the enabling of recovery and social inclusion (Tew, 2005, p. 86). According to the psychodynamic model of human growth, Jake may have grown up with many intra-psychic conflicts which may be emerging in the form of a neurotic or reactive depression. He may have many conscious and unconscious needs which she has suppressed and repressed. In denying and blocking out the fulfilment of these needs, he may have shut down areas of his consciousness which allows him to: experience emotion; interact with others in a spontaneous way; or experience fulfilling close and intimate relationships with carer and their spouse. Depending on the extent of physical abuse he encountered during his upbringing, it would be reasonable to assume that he may have been completely or partly unsuccessful in: achieving a capacity for trust with his parent; achieving autonomy; or developing a capacity for taking initiative, as described in Eriksons psychosocial model. For these reasons, it seems likely he will have failed to maintain a healthy, consistent and sustained relationsh ip with his mother or other primary attachment figure in the abusive situation he found himself. Intervention must aim to address issues of power and powerlessness, both in the foster carer/child relationship and outside it. As a man, as a person with mental health needs, and as a member of a black or minority ethnic group, Jake may experience oppression, abuse and social exclusion. To address these issues elements of empowerment and partnership should be part of the approach with an intervention designed to address Jakes mental health needs should involve building on his efforts to achieve his own full potential. This will include his ability to form and maintain healthy relationships with others, that would lessen any dependence on formal agencies and develop an alternative source of positive support and increase social inclusion.

Green Architecture :: Sustainable Building Environment Essays

Green Architecture Green architecture is an approach to building which has become more popular in the last 25 to 30 years. Also known as sustainable design, green architecture is a method of design that minimizes the impact of building on the environment. Once thought of as unconventional and nonstandard, both regulatory agencies and the public alike are quickly accepting green architecture as a socially responsible and logical means of construction. The beginnings of today's green revolution can be traced back to the environmental awareness of the 1960s and European design. New construction techniques have lead to the development of innovative materials and design concepts. Green buildings are designed, constructed and commissioned to ensure they are healthy for their occupants. Successfully designed green projects can involve an extensive array of factors, ranging from the resourceful use of materials, to careful consideration of function, climate, and location. The concepts about green architecture can generally be organized into several areas of application. These areas include sustainability, materials, energy efficiency, land use, and waste reduction. Green buildings are not only designed for present use, but consideration is also been given to future uses as well. An adaptable structure can be "recycled" many times over the course of its useful life. If specific technical issues prevent use of the building for a new function, then the materials used in its construction are designed to facilitate ease of recycling and reprocessing of materials. Buildings consume a variety of materials in their construction. Green design reduces the dependence on resource intensive products and materials. Today, there are an increasing number of products available made from efficient, earth-friendly, or recycled materials. In a green building, consideration is also given to the construction process itself. Materials that minimize waste or can be recycled, help contribute to an efficient and environmentally sensitive construction process. Another important aspect of green architecture is the integration of energy efficient mechanical systems and conservation methods. Green buildings are designed to reduce or eliminate the dependence on fossil fuels. Additionally, green designs further help to minimize waste through the use of gray water recycling and other sustainable energy strategies. Grey water is conserved or saved to be recycled to water gardens. Land use and building orientation also plays a critical role in green architecture. A green building is located to take advantage of its climate and surroundings. These conditions not only affect the efficiency of a building, but of the community and society as a whole.

Corporate Governance Review of Vinashin Business Group

|ASSIGNMENT COVER SHEET | |(to be completed by the student) | |AIB student ID number: |A12271 | | | | |Student name: |TRUONG PHUONG LY | | | | |Course name: |MBA Human Resource Management | | | | |Subject name: |Corporate Governance | | | | |Subject facilitator: |Ryan Galloway | | | | |Teaching Centre: |ERC Vietnam | | | | |No. f pages: |9 | | | | |Word count: |1721 words | | | | |DECLARATION | | | |I, the above named student, confirm that by submitting, or causing the attached assignment to be submitted, to AIB, I have not | |plagiarised any other person’s work in this assignment and except where appropriately acknowledged, this assignment is my own work,| |has been expressed in my own words, and has not previously been submitted for assessment. | ASSESSMENT SHEET | |(to be completed by the examiner) | |Student name: | | | | | |Course name: | | | | | |Subject name: | | | | | |Assessor/marker: | | | | | |COMMENTS | |Principles learnt (for example, number and understanding of principles referred to, their influence on the structure of this paper,| |number and correct citations of  references, use of appropriate jargon)      | | |/4 | | | | |Application of principles. That is, the  analysis and evaluation of the example problem based on the | | |principles, including the final recommendations and their justification | | | |/8 | | | |How well the example problem was described, including the extent and depth of information (including | | |the data) about it that was accessed | | | |/4 | | | | |Structure and presentation | | | |/2 | | | | |Style, grammar   and language | | | |/2 | | | | |Total | | |Less penalties | | |GRAND TOTAL |/20 | |General comments | | | | | | |FOR MODERATOR’S USE ONLY | | |/20 | |I agree with the assessor’s assessment | | |I disagree with the assessor’s assessment and the new mark is as follows for the following reasons: | | | | | | |Moderator: | | Title: Corporate Governan ce Review of VINASHIN Business Group Word count: 1721 words Executive Summary: VINASHIN is one of the biggest state-owned enterprises of Vietnam. This report conducts a review of the corporate governance of VINASHIN, including the analysis of its board structure and its board committees.There are three problems in VINASHIN governance: members of the board were not qualified enough for the scope of the company, Chairman and CEO was one single person (Mr Binh), audit committee was not effective. Therefore, VINASHIN should consider hiring more appropriately experienced directors, separating the role of Chairman and CEO, and improving the effectiveness of its audit committee. Table of Contents 1. Introduction5 2. Discussion5 2. 1. Board structure and its effectiveness5 2. 2. Board committee and their effectiveness6 2. 3. Recomendations7 3. Conclusion9 Reference9 1. Introduction VINASHIN Business Group (abbreviated as VINASHIN) is a Vietnamese state-owned enterprise specialized in shipbu ilding industry. Since it was found in 1996 based on the reorganization of Viet Nam Shipbuilding Corporation, VINASHIN had developed successfully.The annual growth rate in the period between 1996 and 2007 was 35%-40% and the net revenue of 2008 was 29 trillion VND (about $1. 4 billion). It was undoubtedly one of the biggest Vietnamese companies in terms of investment range and capability. However, at the beginning of 2010, VINASHIN was criticised publicly for bad business performance which caused the loss of 5 trillion VND (about $238 million). Even worse, this figure which was clarified by the state inspectors was three times bigger than the loss figure reported in 2009 annual financial statements by VINASHIN. Due to the world economic crisis, a series of shipbuilding contracts were cancelled.The company was then $4 billion in debt and sued by Elliot VIN (a Dutch hedge fund) for being unable to pay the $600 million debt. VINASHIN experienced the most difficult period of its history when the danger of debacle was very close and members of its board of directors were arrested and sued because of the severe damage they had made. The facts observed in the case of this company prove the seriously important role of corporate governance, especially in huge business corporation. This report conducts a review of the governance of VINASHIN including analysing its structure, process and effectiveness and making recommendations for appropriate improvements. 2. Discussion 1.The board structure and its effectiveness The Board of Structure of VINASHIN consisted of nine directors who were appointed by the Prime Minister. As the enterprise was found based on the shipbuilding company, most of the directors used to be the top managers of the old company. For example, the CEO – Mr Pham Thanh Binh was initially a shipbuilding engineer. After 17 years, he became the Deputy Director of Transport Design and Engineering Institute. He was then appointed to be the CEO of VINASHI N in 1996. It can be seen that the members of the Board of Directors were appointed basically because of their experience of working in the company or in the similar field.In one hand, they had the big advantage of the knowledge and networks in shipbuilding industry and they all had similar background and unique culture. This made strong connection among the board and lead to high agreement. In the other hand, they might not be able to manage the new company with a lot more capital and much bigger in investment range. According to Tricker (2009, pp. 122), â€Å"to formulate strategy effectively the strategic planners need to be, conceptually, above the enterprise looking down, able to see the enterprise in its strategic context†. Moreover, the strong connection might lead to the lack of objective assessment. The truth is that VINASHIN was very successful with its main function – building ship but then fell down because of 257 ineffective projects in other fields.The ne xt issue is that Mr Binh assumed the role of Chairman by 2008. He was then the Chief Executive and the Chairman of the company. Furthermore, he was also the Party Secretary of VINASHIN (the highest political position of the Party in a company). Some may say the combination has its advantage in the very distinctive leader and that it can avoid the conflicts due to spreading leadership between two people. However, this first violated Decree 101/2009/ND-CP of Vietnamese Government about state-owned business group. Second, the concentration of power in a single person would increases abuse potential and reduce the effectiveness of the only leader.In fact, Mr Binh made on his own many decision which then caused serious trouble for the company. For example, he decided to buy the Lotus Ship which cost 1. 3 trillion VND ($60 million) without calling any meeting or announcing for agreement of the board. The ship then did not work but the company had to pay $4 million interest each year for t he loan. 2. The Board Committees and their effectiveness: Another issue of VINASHIN governance is about its committees. All members of the board were appointed by the Prime Minister and their compensation was decided by the company policies which are also approved by the Prime Minister. As a result, there was no need for a nominating or remuneration committee.However, the existence of audit committee was compulsory and its formulation was regulated by the Decree of State-owned business group. The audit committee consisted of three to five members. They must be independent non-executive directors. They were required to make audit report about the company operation every month, quarter of year and year. These regulations seem very cautiously and able to ensure the independence of the audit committee. In fact, the board had strong enough power to influence the audit committee. In 2009, VINASHIN disclosed that it lost 1. 7 trillion VND ($81 million). After a lot of publicly criticism, t he state inspectors figured out that the true number was 5 trillion VND ($240 million).To explain about this issue, the chairman of VINASHIN audit committee said that the company did not have clear enough policies so he just did what the CEO (Mr Binh, also the Chairman of the Board) told him to do. The question is whether the audit committee really had no idea about their responsibility and who they are liable to and whether they were really independent. 3. Recommendations Based all these above discussions, there are three problems in VINASHIN governance: Board of Directors was not qualified for the scope of the company, Chairman and CEO was one single person (Mr Binh), audit committee was not effective. For the first issue, the company should consider to use more professional â€Å"not VINASHIN employee† directors with treasured experience from big business group.Although the current directors have advantage of the experience in shipbuilding industry and they have been worki ng for the company for many years, their capabilities are no longer enough for the new bigger enterprise. VINASHIN is no longer a simple shipbuilding company. It has became one of the biggest business group of Viet Nam with $ billion of capital. It has invested in hundred of projects in many business fields. VINASHIN really needs the board of directors who are able to â€Å"see the enterprise in its strategic context, including the industry, the market, customers and competitors, products and services, wherever the company operates and to identify the wider political, economic, social, and technological context† (Tricker, 2009).First, the â€Å"outside† directors would bring VINASHIN their broader knowledge about the big market and their experience in sufficient investment. This is what the current directors are lack of because their experience was only made in one industry. Second, the â€Å"outside† directors would challenge the board with their objective view about the company. They could push the board to improve the company under the consideration of different aspects. Finally, hiring â€Å"outsider† could help to prevent the board becoming a â€Å"cosy club† which only includes people who are well know to each other and share similar interest. Therefore, the board become more transparent and the decisions they make are less influenced by the interest of the board.For the second issue, there is no solution but separating the roles of Chairman and CEO in two persons. According to the example discussed above, there is one issue behind: the Chairman and the CEO has too much power toward the board and there are not enough control to prevent them from breaking the rules and making decision irresponsibly. VINASHIN should set up and apply more policies to ensure the Chairman or CEO to present the Duty of Trust and Duty of Care constantly. For instance, the CEO should be required to have discussion with all members of the board when he wants to set up new project. After reaching the agreement, he only can sign and stamp in the contract under observation of the majority of the board.Of course, the policies could reduce the potential of abusing power. However, the directors of companies, being managers of other people’s money, cannot be expected to watch over it with the same vigilance with which they watch over their own (Smith). Therefore, the policies can not control every issue in term of over use power, especially when the members of the board are very close to each other and having similar interest. In this case, the only shareholder, Government, should be able to audit the performance of the board and appropriately regulate the reward and punishment policies. For the last issue, VINASHIN needs to improve the effectiveness of its audit committee.First, the audit committee should consider carefully the qualification of its members. The mechanism should encourage the selection and retention of dil igent and knowledgeable committee members who are able to understand their important role in the board and willing to dedicate time and energy for their responsibility. Second, the audit committee should understand the role of each party participate in the auditing process, including the management, the internal auditors and external auditors, and the interaction among these parties. It should be able to communicate independently with each party and design the appropriate mechanism to ensure the accountability of these parties.Finally, it needs to have frank and candid discussion with all parties to provide the board greater insight, objective judgement and appropriate recommendation. An effective audit committee, which would strengthen the Board accountability, transparency, objectivity and effectiveness, has potential benefits: †¢ It improves the quality of financial reporting, by reviewing the financial statements on behalf of the Board; †¢ It creates a climate of disci pline, risk management awareness and control which will reduce the opportunity for fraud; †¢ It enables the non-executive directors sitting on the Audit Committee to contribute an independent judgement and play a positive role; †¢ It increases public confidence in the credibility and objectivity of financial statements and of the Board. 3. ConclusionFrom the discussion above, this report reviewed the corporate governance of VINASHIN Business Group in terms of its board structure and its board committees. Through the review, it figured out three problems: Board of Directors was not qualified for the scope of the company, Chairman and CEO was one single person (Mr Binh), audit committee was not effective. Based on this, some recommendations were given. Reference Hongkong Society of Accountant, 2001, A guide for effective audit committee, pp. 3-6 Tricker, B 2009, Corporate Governance: Principle, Policies and Practices, Oxford New York, the United State Vietnamese Government, 2009, Decree of Establishment, Organization, Operation and Management of State-owned Business Group

Ethics Final Project

ETHICS FINAL PROJECT 1. Proposed Action Plan: Describe the action plan you proposed at the beginning of the semester. At the beginning of the semester we first had the idea of taking a computer to the asylum to help those people in there to have more technology; we also wanted to take brooms and mops to help them to have cleaned the house. The entire classroom talked about this and each team decided to do something for those needed people. 2. Done activities: Explain very carefully the different activities you did during this semester, including dates, names of the responsible people in the team, and results.We went to the computer department to see if they had a computer with no use and if they can give it to use, they decided to tell us when they got one with no use. That’s how they did it, after a time they told us, but it was a long time when they advised us so we had another project which was to make stairs for rehabilitation to the people in the asylum, so we united with other team and gave them money to make this project real. 3. Comparative of the results: Write down if the results of your project were the ones you expected.If not, how are they different? Why? We wanted to give them the computer so we didn’t expect that we would unite our team with another one to make the stairs project, so we think it is not what we expected to be our project but we think that the idea to unite teams was a good one because the stairs were really expensive. 4. Personal Learning: Explain if the members of the team had some learning experience with this project. Yes all of the team members had a great experience, because of helping people ho needed and that’s the main reason why because it feels great doing that, and knowing that other people can get better just for a little help of yours. 5. Team Work: Describe how your team work was, including positive and negative aspects. Our team work was good because we went to the asylum and check what they nee ded and because the team all united went to the computers department and all of the team members had a great experience with this project and not only because we did it well, it’s because we helped other people. 6.Conclusion: Finally write down a conclusion about the social work you had this semester. We think this semester help us a lot because of many things, we helped needed people and that’s feels great, we learned ethics about many things of the human life animal life and many things more. This was a great semester and all the team members are really happy to be here in this class, thanks Elideth for doing this to us. Team Members: Erick Villasenor Oscar Torres Paola Delgadillo Joel Azuara Victor Galvan Sofia Ascanio Daniela Diaz Juan Pablo Fernandez Vertiz

Knapps Stage Model Essay Essays

Knapps Stage Model Essay Essays Knapps Stage Model Essay Paper Knapps Stage Model Essay Paper Dear John. the drama-filled love affair film. John Tyree. a immature soldier. meets Savannah Curtis. a college pupil on spring interruption. and they rapidly fall in love. The film directed by Lasse Hallstrom. adapted from Nicolas Sparks’ novel of the same name. Dear John showcased many facets of communications in its most simple signifiers. Including the 10 phases of the Knapp Stage Model. which could really be witnessed throughout the Dear John the film and the book. as the two chief characters. John and Savannah. developed their relationship and as they tried to keep their relationship. In the Knapp’s Stage Model. Mark Knapp describes the patterned advance and development of relationships as a series of 10 phases in two stages: the ‘coming together’ . induction is followed by the experimenting. intensifying. integration and bonding phases. In the ‘coming apart’ . the differentiating. circumscribing. stagnating. avoiding and ending phase occu rs. These phases are illustrated in the movie Dear John. In the opening scene of Dear John. it was John’s and Savannah’s first clip meeting. it was attractive force at first sight. During the dark scene at the beach. they conversed. I would still believe it’s the initiating phase because the content of their conversation. They didn’t ask inquiries with the purpose of cognizing more of each other apart from that one inquiry. ‘’When are you traveling back? † which was instead insouciant. That will sum up the initiating phase. In the ulterior scene. John asked for a day of the month and Savannah agreed. That means they have both passed each other’s trial so there is an experimenting phase. By the manner. John really stayed at the Barbeque till the dark when he mentioned that his pa cooked dinner. Why else would one blow off his pa if it isn’t because he likes the miss? Therefore. that supports my base that they were already attracted to each other at the beach. At the dinner scene. they were started speaking about something more personal. They were doing little talk. The subject of household and John’s yesterye ar came in. These subjects normally wouldn’t be brought up at the initiating phase because they’re excessively personal. I would besides wish to associate to another construct with this scene which is relational demands of openness. If you notice. John wasn’t excessively comfy with the talk to the point he asked â€Å"why do you desire to cognize so much? † He would fall under the sort that closed away to other people. His replies were all one-liners. heterosexual to the point with no farther accounts. In the following scene. when they were walking towards the wooden house. that was another illustration of acquiring to cognize each other through speaking. This ends off the experimenting phase. They have a battle. but reconcile before John’s leave from the ground forces is over. When toilet returns to the ground forces. he and Savannah begin long distance relationship through handwritten letters. The first missive was really clear that Savannah loves John. Previously. John really gave Savannah a note in which the content wasn’t disclosed to the audience till the very terminal of the film. The note said â€Å"I love you† which was why Savannah wrote him. that missive was a answer . Those were revelations of feelings to each other. In that scene. John said â€Å"I made you a promise. didn’t I? † and subsequently. they both agreed to compose to each other all the clip. She was supposed to wait for him for a twelvemonth while he was off in Germany. That was a sense of committedness to the relationship. This will sum up the intensifying phase. The 4th phase is incorporating. This point is instead straightforward. It’s the turning point whereby the twosome announces to their friends and household that they are a twosome. In this instance. you could see John being introduced to Savannah’s parents. Couples do non ever follow purely to the theoretical account. Stairss could be jumped or revisited once more. Sadly. there was no 5th phase ( Bonding – matrimony. battle ) for this brace in the film. Conflicts arise because of different perceptual experiences ; it is besides illustrated in this film. There was a active scene at the terrace and it was because John wanted to widen his circuit with the ground forces but Savannah did non desire to wait for another two old ages. So after a long clip apart. John and Savannah find themselves floating apart and resigned to being apart from John. and Savannah sends a ‘D ear John’ missive stating him that she has become engaged to person else. John eventually got a missive from Savannah which she initiated a interruption up. Break ups are due to many possible factors. in their instance. alterations. hapless communicating and unrealistic outlooks. Changes referred to the immense alterations they went through from the two hebdomads of summer interruption together to being 1000 stat mis apart. Next. hapless communicating. I think this might be the least conducive factor. Even though. letters took hebdomads or months to make each other. their letters were filled with words. They told each other everything about their lives so it wasn’t a instance of floating apart. Last. it is the factor I think contributed the most likely which is an unrealistic outlook. Long distance relationships are difficult plenty and a individual can merely take it for so long. The first twelvemonth was all right but when John added two more old ages onto the heap. it was excessively difficult for Savannah to take. Although John’s and Sava nnah’s falling out they finally came together as friends. particularly when John’s male parent is on his decease bed. John returns place and connects with his male parent. something he was non able to make before. John so sells his father’s coin aggregation to fund Savannah’s husband’s malignant neoplastic disease intervention. In the last scene of the movie. John sees Savannah on the street and they embrace. The film may non showcase every bit much inside informations ; nevertheless it does demo the importance of communicating in a relationship. For illustration. Savannah chooses to compose a missive to John to interrupt the intelligence of her battle. alternatively of naming him. it shows that it is already a mark Doctor of Optometry avoiding the issue straight. A handwritten missive is a additive signifier of communicating. as John is non given a opportunity to answer instantly. If you were in John’s place. and you received a similar missive about your partner’s battle. would you travel back place to contend for what you want. or would you be ‘John’ . and merely bury yourself with work? Hopefully. now you have a better apprehension of the Knap p’s theoretical account and see how it fits into every relationship!

Gibson essays

Gibson essays In Gibsons Burning Chrome two worlds exist. There is the real world that we carry out our everyday business. We live in this world. We eat, sleep and breathe in this world. Then there is the cyber world. This is where we play and this is where we run our modern day functions such as banking and business. A person can be ruined just as easily as in the real world. Things might not be fatal, but in this modern world worse things than death can happen. Gibson is viewed as a father of cyberpunk. He is the one who is credited with coming up with the word, cyberspace. [Dorsey] "I don't have an e-mail address. I don't go online with America... ...because I don't want America to be online with me." Gibson. [Dorsey] If a man feels so repulsed by the internet, how can he be one of the founding fathers of it? Regardless how he feels about the internet and cyber culture William Gibson is still interested in it. The world that Gibson and created and the world we live in now is getting closer and closer with every day. We are becoming a technological society. We now live in a cyberpunk world. In this world we have created a reality much like the reality in which the characters in Burning Chrome also reside. In this reality, many of the same things occur, business, banking. It is also a social world; some choose to come here to escape the modern life. We have created games that have become doorways to these new realities. With these games we create new worlds to explore. In some cases we even create new identities to live by. The online gaming movement began slowly at the start. It began with MUDs or Multi User Dungeons. Through these was the first step into creating a new world. Players would take control of a character. To some it was just a game and a pastime. To others it became a hobby. Some assumed roles like their persona in the real world. Others assumed roles of ...

The Complete List of NCAA Division 1 Colleges (Most Recent)

The Complete List of NCAA Division 1 Colleges (Most Recent) SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips The NCAA, the major governing body for intercollegiate sports, separates its member institutions by divisions. Division I colleges are generally the biggest. They have the largest athletic department budgets and their sports teams generate the most revenue. All of the schools that participate in bowl games and March Madness are Division I schools. However, there are some regional colleges and smaller private schools you may not be familiar with that are also classified as Division I.In this article, I’ll give you a basic understanding of Division I and a complete list of current Division I schools by state. Why Are There NCAA Divisions? NCAA Divisions exist to create parity and level the playing field. With divisions, schools should be competing against other schools of a similar size and with similar resources. However, in the climate of today's NCAA sports, there can be huge disparities between schools in the same division, especially in Division I. For example, from 2006-2011, the athletics revenue for the University of Alabama was $124,498,616. During that same period, the athletics revenue for Alabama State University was $10,614,081. Both are Division I schools. What Makes Division I Unique? Compared to NCAA Division II and III schools, NCAA Division I schools have the biggest student bodies, the largest athletic budgets, and the most athletic scholarships. All of the major sports conferences, including the Big 10, Big 12, Pac 12, and ACC, are composed of Division I colleges. While Ivy League colleges are Division I, they don't offer athletic scholarships. Division I Fun Facts Stanford University has the most Division I NCAA championships with 117. On average, only 6% of the student bodies at Division I schools participate in NCAA sports. Stanford has won the Learfield Sports Directors' Cup awarded to the most successful Division I athletics program every year since 1994-1995. The University of Oregon won the very first NCAA men's basketball championship in 1939. Louisiana Tech won the very first NCAA women's basketball championship in 1982. The 1982 Louisiana Tech women's basketball team How Should You Use This List? If there's a college you're considering, you can determine if it's a Division I institution. If you're interested in a particular sport, check to see which colleges are Division I in that sport. Some schools are Division I in one or two sports and Division II or III in the rest. For example, Colorado College is Division I in men's ice hockey and women's soccer, but the rest of their varsity sports are Division III. If you're interested in football, you should also check to see if a particular school is FBS, FCS, or if it even has a football program. Division I Colleges By State Alabama University of Alabama Alabama AM University Alabama State University University of Alabama at Birmingham Auburn University Jacksonville State University Samford University University of South Alabama Troy University Arizona University of Arizona Arizona State University Northern Arizona University Grand Canyon University Arkansas Arkansas State University University of Arkansas, Fayetteville University of Arkansas at Little Rock University of Arkansas, Pine Bluff University of Central Arkansas California California Polytechnic State University California State University, Bakersfield California State University, Fresno California State University, Fullerton California State University, Northridge California State University, Sacramento University of California, Berkeley University of California, Davis University of California, Irvine University of California, Los Angeles University of California, Riverside University of California, Santa Barbara Long Beach State University Loyola Marymount University University of the Pacific Pepperdine University Saint Mary's College of California University of San Diego San Diego State University University of San Francisco San Jose State University Santa Clara University University of Southern California Stanford University Colorado University of Colorado, Boulder Colorado State University University of Denver University of Northern Colorado U.S. Air Force Academy Connecticut Central Connecticut State University University of Connecticut Fairfield University Quinnipiac University Sacred Heart University Yale University Delaware University of Delaware Delaware State University District of Columbia American University George Washington University Georgetown University Howard University Florida Bethune-Cookman University University of Central Florida University of Florida Florida AM University Florida Atlantic University Florida Gulf Coast University Florida International University Florida State University Jacksonville University University of Miami (Florida) University of North Florida University of South Florida Stetson University Georgia University of Georgia Georgia Institute of Technology Georgia Southern University Georgia State University Kennesaw State University Mercer University Savannah State University Hawaii University of Hawaii, Manoa Idaho Boise State University University of Idaho Idaho State University Illinois Bradley University Chicago State University DePaul University Eastern Illinois University Illinois State University University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign University of Illinois at Chicago Loyola University Chicago Northern Illinois University Northwestern University Southern Illinois University at Carbondale Southern Illinois University Edwardsville Western Illinois University Indiana Ball State University Butler University University of Evansville Indiana State University Indiana University, Bloomington Indiana University-Purdue University, Fort Wayne Indiana University-Purdue University at Indianapolis University of Notre Dame Purdue University Valparaiso University Iowa Drake University University of Iowa Iowa State University University of Northern Iowa Kansas University of Kansas Kansas State University Wichita State University Kentucky Eastern Kentucky University University of Kentucky University of Louisville Morehead State University Murray State University Northern Kentucky University Western Kentucky University Louisiana University of Louisiana at Lafayette University of Louisiana at Monroe Louisiana State University Louisiana Tech University Grambling State University McNeese State University University of New Orleans Nicholls State University Northwestern State University Southeastern Louisiana University Southern University, Baton Rouge Tulane University Maine University of Maine Maryland Coppin State University Loyola University Maryland University of Maryland Eastern Shore University of Maryland, Baltimore County University of Maryland, College Park Morgan State University Mount St. Mary’s University Towson University U.S. Naval Academy Massachusetts Boston College Boston University Harvard University College of the Holy Cross University of Massachusetts, Amherst University of Massachusetts, Lowell Northeastern University Michigan Central Michigan University University of Detroit Mercy Eastern Michigan University University of Michigan Michigan State University Oakland University Western Michigan University Minnesota University of Minnesota, Twin Cities Mississippi Alcorn State University Jackson State University University of Mississippi Mississippi State University Mississippi Valley State University The University of Southern Mississippi Missouri Missouri State University University of Missouri, Columbia University of Missouri-Kansas City Southeast Missouri State University Saint Louis University Montana University of Montana Montana State University-Bozeman Nebraska Creighton University University of Nebraska Omaha University of Nebraska, Lincoln Nevada University of Nevada, Las Vegas University of Nevada, Reno New Hampshire Dartmouth College University of New Hampshire New Jersey Fairleigh Dickinson University, Metropolitan Campus Monmouth University New Jersey Institute of Technology Princeton University Rider University Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick Seton Hall University Saint Peter’s University New Mexico University of New Mexico New Mexico State University New York University at Albany Binghamton University University at Buffalo, the State University of New York Canisius College Colgate University Columbia University-Barnard College Cornell University Fordham University Hofstra University Iona College Long Island University-Brooklyn Campus Manhattan College Marist College Niagara University Siena College St. Bonaventure University St. Francis College Brooklyn St. John’s University (New York) Stony Brook University Syracuse University U.S. Military Academy Wagner College North Carolina Appalachian State University Campbell University Davidson College Duke University East Carolina University Elon University Gardner-Webb University High Point University University of North Carolina-Asheville North Carolina AT State University North Carolina Central University North Carolina State University University of North Carolina Wilmington University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill The University of North Carolina at Charlotte The University of North Carolina at Greensboro Wake Forest University Western Carolina University North Dakota University of North Dakota North Dakota State University Ohio University of Akron Bowling Green State University University of Cincinnati Cleveland State University University of Dayton Kent State University Miami University (Ohio) The Ohio State University Ohio University University of Toledo Wright State University Xavier University Youngstown State University Oklahoma University of Oklahoma Oklahoma State University Oral Roberts University The University of Tulsa Oregon University of Oregon Oregon State University University of Portland Portland State University Pennsylvania Bucknell University Drexel University Duquesne University La Salle University Lafayette College Lehigh University University of Pennsylvania Pennsylvania State University University of Pittsburgh Robert Morris University Saint Francis University (Pennsylvania) Saint Joseph’s University Temple University Villanova University Rhode Island Brown University Bryant University Providence College University of Rhode Island South Carolina College of Charleston (South Carolina) Charleston Southern University The Citadel Clemson University Coastal Carolina University Furman University Presbyterian College University of South Carolina, Columbia South Carolina State University University of South Carolina Upstate Winthrop University Wofford College South Dakota University of South Dakota South Dakota State University Tennessee Austin Peay State University Belmont University East Tennessee State University Lipscomb University University of Memphis Middle Tennessee State University Tennessee State University Tennessee Technological University University of Tennessee at Chattanooga University of Tennessee, Knoxville University of Tennessee at Martin Vanderbilt University Texas Abilene Christian University Baylor University University of Houston Houston Baptist University University of the Incarnate Word Lamar University University of North Texas Prairie View AM University Rice University Sam Houston State University Southern Methodist University Stephen F. Austin State University Texas AM University, College Station Texas AM University-Corpus Christi Texas Christian University The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley Texas Southern University Texas State University Texas Tech University University of Texas at Arlington University of Texas at Austin University of Texas at El Paso University of Texas at San Antonio Utah Brigham Young University Southern Utah University University of Utah Utah State University Utah Valley University Weber State University Vermont University of Vermont Virginia George Mason University Hampton University James Madison University Liberty University Longwood University Norfolk State University Old Dominion University Radford University University of Richmond University of Virginia Virginia Commonwealth University Virginia Military Institute Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University College of William and Mary Washington Eastern Washington University Gonzaga University Seattle University University of Washington Washington State University West Virginia Marshall University West Virginia University Wisconsin Marquette University University of Wisconsin-Green Bay University of Wisconsin, Madison University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee Wyoming University of Wyoming What's Next? Learn more about the differences between NCAA divisions. Also, you can get the complete lists of Division II and III schools by state . Want to improve your SAT score by 160points or your ACT score by 4 points?We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

Work Pressure and Challenges among Medical Doctors in Private Clinic Dissertation

Work Pressure and Challenges among Medical Doctors in Private Clinic in Hong Kong - Dissertation Example The healthcare system of Hong Kong is considered to be almost similar with the best hospitals in Asian region such as Singapore, Malaysia as well as Thailand. Primary as well as secondary medical services are offered to the patients by these hospitals. Most of the people tend to access these facilities primarily via their medical insurance, either held by them personally or by means of their employment (Taylor, 2012). It has been observed that the stressful life of doctors and nurses in Hong Kong makes them prone to psychological exhaustion in terms of depression, especially in the private sector. Depression is considered to be one of the most significant health issues because of its associated result. As per the anticipation of the World Health Organisation, by the end of the year 2020, depression is likely to become the second main reason behind dysfunction within workplaces, including the healthcare sector, playing a major role towards the increasing ratio of psychological ill-hea lth in the world population owing to the fact that traumatic life events normally lead to psychological indications. Hence, it can be affirmed that if the level of stress is quite high then in such circumstances, there are greater chances of psychological indications (Bayati, Beigi & Salehi, 2009). The chief objective of the paper has been to evaluate the work pressure and challenges faced by the medical doctors in private clinics in Hong Kong. It also aims to gauge the levels of occupational stress among the doctors who are working at private clinics followed by the analysis of their depression levels owing to high work pressure impacting their job performance and satisfaction level. The study also attempts to measure the adverse effects of intensive workload on doctors working in private clinics by means of evaluation of the depressive disorders caused by extensive workloads. In this regards, the paper further elaborates on The Karaek Job-Demands Control Model (1979), The Effort-R eward Imbalance Model and Job Demands-Resources Model. Level of Care Offered By Private Sectors Hong Kong has about 12 major private hospitals among which 4 hospitals are featured as profit making hospitals while 8 hospitals are regarded to be functioning as non-profit making concerns. One of the common characteristics among these healthcare concerns is that all the private hospitals primarily tend to rely upon outside doctors for rendering high quality services to the admitted patients (Gauld & Gould, 2002). It can be mentioned in this regards that the private hospitals of Hong Kong do not have spare capacity in order to meet the additional demands. The reason behind this fact is that the ‘bed occupancy rates’ of these hospitals is quite high (Industry HK, 2012). In the recent years, lack of manpower in the private hospitals of Hong Kong was found to be a significant problem that forced the hospital authorities to take several measures in terms of costs and quality ser vices. According to the evaluation done by the Public Doctor Association, the major causes of the problem include heavy workload pressures on the professionals, poor promotion prospects along with the inconsistency in the financial reward system taking place amid the public institutions. This in turn leads to excessive flow of the doctors in the private sector. Such issues are further observed to cause stress among the doctors, ultimately giving rise to depression which in turn hampers the quality of service or rather medical support rendered by them (Wong, 2008). Contextually, it can be revealed that private healthcare sector

Coexistence of six sigma and lean sigma Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Coexistence of six sigma and lean sigma - Essay Example This discussion paper will tackle the viability of both methods to coexist within the company and determine as well the elements and issues that might arise that may result to a conflict between Six Sigma and Lean Sigma. In the course on the discussion I have learned that Service-Quality Management plays an important role in the success of a company. It has been observed that companies share common practices such as strategic concept, Top-management commitment, high standards, and self-service technologies (SSTs). Among these services, the High Standards for services and products is the practice which can be closely associated with the Six Sigma and Lean Sigma methods since its primary and ultimate goal is to provide the consumers with a 100% defect-free service. The former accuracy standard of 98% sounded impressive though when considering companies that operates in very large volumes of products and service, the said percentage will translate to a level that can still affect whethe r the company services will be seen by customers as merely good or if it is a breakthrough service (Kotler and Keller, 2009). In addition, Six Sigma and Lean Sigma can also be applied to further develop a better and faster delivery system. This includes three levels of differentiation – reliability, resilience, and innovativeness. ... ding the consumers with access to better information systems, introduce bar coding and mixed pallets, and provide other systems that would help the consumers. These systems include a customer interface system that would result to an optimal efficiency and effectiveness (Kotler and Keller, 2009). Six Sigma and Lean Sigma will be an indispensible method to deduce the problems that is encountered by the company and help develop a more efficient and effective operations. Quality improvement can increase the profits of a business by reducing rework and scrap, thus creating a smooth production flow. While some companies are faced with the dilemma on choosing which ideology is perfect for process improvement, some companies are utilizing both Lean and Six Sigma. Six Sigma programs are focused and effective but it often takes months to finish. It also creates elite Black Belts who are often disconnected from the department or workplace. On the hand, Lean initiatives are great for boosting pr oductivity, changing cultures, and cleaning up practices. The companies that find the combination of lean/kaizen and Six Sigma methods as the most effective way to eliminate flaws have been successful in improving their production and continually improving the processes within the business (Smith, 2003). Alternative process design and improvement strategies can be deduced using a decision flowchart. If the process is fundamentally flawed or new it will require a Business Process Design or a Design for Six Sigma. If the process is not that flawed or it is an existing process, the nature of the problem will have to be determined whether it has too much variation or if it has too much waste. Too much variation in the process will require the DMAIC approach of the Six Sigma while too much waste

S4 W7 DQ1 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

S4 W7 DQ1 - Assignment Example The situation became worse as the situation in the country started impacting negatively in the neighboring countries. It was at the time that the Kenya Defense Forces (KDF) decided to launch an attack in country to flush out the terror group. Questions were being asked on where were the international bodies when the country needed liberation? Was the situation bad enough to capture their attention? It is for this reason that the west should focus on strengthening regional organizations (Clement & Smith, 2009). With organized regional organizations like the ECOWAS, situations like in Somalia would have dealt with before the country was fully paralyzed. With many regions across the globe having organizations controlling leadership and economic operations, the west should pick out these groups and develop proper security forces to deal with cases of insecurity among its member states (Clement &Smith, 2009). A good example is the League of Arab States which was formed with the aim of cushioning the region financially and economically. With the rise on the need for security across the Arab world, the body is playing a crucial role in ensuring its members states are provided with peacekeeping

Research paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 5

Research paper - Essay Example Though this term is more widely used in the realms of education, the term is also used in the area of disability rights and in the field of taxonomy. However, this paper will only focus on the inclusion regarding education. According to the Wisconsin Educational Association Council (2007), â€Å"inclusion remains a controversial concept in education because it relates to educational and social values, as well as to our sense of individual worth.† Generally, people who have other disabilities have not been able to attend regular classes due to there their physical or mental deficiencies, thus creating an atmosphere of being secluded from the public and suffer from social stress and personal development. However, as years pass by, laws were created to supervise the possibility of these children having lessons inside the comfortable environment where they could undertake there education. It was the law called LRE (Least Restrictive Environment), which made way for special children to be place in regular classes instead of having special classes which have been the traditional training for these atypical students. Several studies served as the backbone of this law and it quickly gained support in the year 1930s, when it was established, and in the year 1960s, when the rapid growth was formally announced as a breaking away from the traditional segregated self-piece practices (Dunn, 1968; Johnson 1962; Kirk 1964; Quay 1963). It was the concept of LRE that led way to the development of other laws such as IDEA (Individuals with Disabilities Educational Act) which took care in improving the rights of special children in education so that they could experience normal lifestyle as far as possible. The aim of this paper is to explore the various possibilities in which inclusive education for the special children can be attained. It will cover the pros and cons of being in an inclusive education. It will also feature the outcomes of the surveys conducted

Application of One of Four Individual Theories to Health Behavior Term Paper

Application of One of Four Individual Theories to Health Behavior - Term Paper Example rature study about the mental health disorder among young adults and middle aged people it can be suggests that depression and anxiety can be treated and cured if those are identified in early stages. This paper uses the theory of planned behavior to critically analyze the prevalence of mental disorders such as depression and anxiety among young adults and middle aged groups. My selection for the condition, mental health behavior and priority group is particularly based on the fact that mental disorders such as depression, stress and anxiety are currently the most common cause of mental health problems among young adults and middle aged individuals and are a leading. For example, depression, problem of anxiety is common among young adults, with nearly 10% of young adults currently suffering from depression and anxiety disorder related problems This is attributed to the fact that many young adults and people in their middle ages often undergo a number of stressful situations related to their career, work, family, religion and economic status (Middle life crisis). Some of the potential specific reasons may include: The chosen group often experience mental disorders such as depression and anxiety as this is the age people begin to experience changes associated with aging in life and may long to get back the youthfulness they had during adolescent. The Theory of Planned Behavior is one of the four individual theories to health behavior that can effectively be used to explain the high prevalence of mental disorders such as depression and anxiety among young adults and middle aged individuals. According to the theory, an individual’s control over behavior is determined by a number of constructs namely: Often times, an individual’s willingness to seek for psychiatric help for a mental disorder like anxiety and depression can, to a great extent, be explained using a series of beliefs and attitudes as Icek Ajzen conceptualizes in the TPB (Buckworth & Buckworth,

Acquisition of International Power in UK by Gaz de France Essay - 1

Acquisition of International Power in UK by Gaz de France - Essay Example Mergers have been one of the most effective options for companies seeking growth and expansion. This is because merger has the potential of ensuring rapid and speedy turnovers in terms of the revenue, market size customer base and physical infrastructure of a company. This however does not mean that mergers are free from challenges. In this report, it was not the merits of the merger between International Power and Gaz de France that are reviewed but also any challenges that the companies involved must look out for. This is preceded with a detailed description of both companies. This description is very necessary for this report because it is only after having a detailed understanding of the companies involved, their history, their mission and vision, their strategic plans, and of course their projected growth rate that the merger that has taken place can best be analysed in the interest of both companies. Comprehensive macro analysis is also conducted for both companies as this is a lso necessary in judging the economic viability of the merger. Finally, there is a detailed scrutiny of the valuation of the merger. The valuation was done in comparison with not only the macro economic factors outlined earlier but with other micro economic factors such as project depreciation rates, projected inflation rate and projected interest rates are concerned. Concluding, suggestions are made for the companies as to how they can ensure maximisation of the economic stand they have taken and the economic journey they have just began. Brief description of both companies International Power has been one of United Kingdom’s power houses when it comes to established and flourishing businesses. The company was commissioned in 2000 following a demerger by National Power. Since that time, the company’s performance has seen it being listed on the London Stock Exchange and FTSE 100 Index. The Guardian (2012) notes that International Power has attained a sustained growth r ate on the various stock markets. The graph below is a clear indication of the success rate of the company on the London Stock Exchange. Source: The Guardian (March, 2012) Clearly, International Power is an appreciating company when it comes to revenue. The company’s basic business is in power generation. As a power (electricity) generation company, International Power has been touted to have the capacity of producing a gross of 72,360 megawatts of power and a net production of 42,225 megawatts of power (International Power, 2011). This makes the company a global leading competitor in the power generation industry. Gaz de France Suez also has a very good history and operational background. Operationally, both GDF Suez and International Power are in the power generation sector. Additionally, GDF Suez goes beyond power distribution into the distribution of power, generation of natural gases, and also into the generation of renewable energy for its numerous clients around the wo rld. Before the year 20008, the company was simply known as GDP or Gaz de France because it had not merged with Suez Environment, the company in which Gaz de France has up to 35% market stake in. Due to the continuing market urge of the company, it is listed on a number of stock markets including the Euronext Exchanges. The company continues to undertake massive growth and expansion activities including the constructions of â€Å"a gas-fired combined cycle power plant of at least 1,500MW and an associated water desalination plant with a capacity of 102 to 107 MIGD (464 to 486 thousand m?/day)† (GDF Suez, 2012). Macro Analysis The macro economic indicators of companies go long ways to influence, inform and affect their decisions and policies on growth and expansion. Knowing that Gaz de France’

Application of One of Four Individual Theories to Health Behavior Term Paper

Application of One of Four Individual Theories to Health Behavior - Term Paper Example rature study about the mental health disorder among young adults and middle aged people it can be suggests that depression and anxiety can be treated and cured if those are identified in early stages. This paper uses the theory of planned behavior to critically analyze the prevalence of mental disorders such as depression and anxiety among young adults and middle aged groups. My selection for the condition, mental health behavior and priority group is particularly based on the fact that mental disorders such as depression, stress and anxiety are currently the most common cause of mental health problems among young adults and middle aged individuals and are a leading. For example, depression, problem of anxiety is common among young adults, with nearly 10% of young adults currently suffering from depression and anxiety disorder related problems This is attributed to the fact that many young adults and people in their middle ages often undergo a number of stressful situations related to their career, work, family, religion and economic status (Middle life crisis). Some of the potential specific reasons may include: The chosen group often experience mental disorders such as depression and anxiety as this is the age people begin to experience changes associated with aging in life and may long to get back the youthfulness they had during adolescent. The Theory of Planned Behavior is one of the four individual theories to health behavior that can effectively be used to explain the high prevalence of mental disorders such as depression and anxiety among young adults and middle aged individuals. According to the theory, an individual’s control over behavior is determined by a number of constructs namely: Often times, an individual’s willingness to seek for psychiatric help for a mental disorder like anxiety and depression can, to a great extent, be explained using a series of beliefs and attitudes as Icek Ajzen conceptualizes in the TPB (Buckworth & Buckworth,

Ethical Issue corrupt FTO Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Ethical Issue corrupt FTO - Assignment Example This is whereby the police officers regularly avoid job responsibilities and commit administrative violations. The action of drinking alcohol by the field training officer is significant in relation to his personal accountability and professional accountability. The second ethical violation act committed by the field training officer entails the writing of a favorable evaluation. It is quite obvious that the evaluation is unfavorable and corrupt given that the rookie police officer had received a reprimand for an improper disposition of a traffic accident. In this regard, there are two ethical issues of classification pertaining to this act. Foremost, entails entitlement versus accountability. This comes about when an officer develops a great sense of victimization and increased resentment on administrators and supervisors that are in control over their jobs (Pollock, 96). In this regard, the officer develops a sense of entitlement or a mindset that officer should ‘stick together’ and accord themselves special treatment. The sense of entitlement bestows the belief that officers can operate within their own rules and can bend the law to suite them. Evidently, the field training officer habours a resentment against higher authorities by providing an evaluation that is favorable to the rookie officer despite the earlier reprimand of an improper disposition of a traffic accident. Moreover, the field training officer believes that victimization has been accorded to the rookie police officer through the reprimand given for the improper disposition. This false sense of entitlement and accountability triggers the unethical action by the field training officer in favor of the rookie police officer. The other ethical issue under scrutiny here is in regard to loyalty versus integrity. This is evident by the field officer action in giving a false and favorable evaluation for the rookie police officer. Evidently, the field

University of hertfordshire objectives

University of hertfordshire objectives Abstract In this assignment project me discuss and construct a Management Strategy that considers the University of Hertfordshire financial and non financial behaviour. A major part of the project is to develop a strategy that could identify the complications at the management level. This model is for the University of Hertfordshire to review and discuss its vision and mission while keeping the objectives of the University in mind. The project will identify the key attributes and criteria fo reviewing the strategy. Moreover the project develops the mission, vision and measures to be notified and followed by the University by considering the organizations ethical, cultural, enviromnental, social and business background. It will help to proactively make good management and therefore reduce loss of revenue and market share. This ultimately will lead to improved communications locally as well as globally as well as greater returns. The Techniques will utilize the latest research techniques and co nsider Universitys corporate objectives and business rules. The process discussed in this assignment is called â€Å"Strategic Planning and Implementation†. Keywords- Strategy Management, Planning, Vision, Business Behavior and Research Techniques 1) Introduction In todays highly competetive environment (business), planning that is budget oriented or forecast based are not that efficient. The University must engage in Strategy Management Planning that clearly defines and assesses the objectives of the university and evaluates the progress of the university. Strategic management is a level of managerial activity under setting goals and over Tactics. Strategic management is closely related to the field of Organization Studies and provides overall direction to the enterprise. According to Arieu (2007), â€Å"there is strategic consistency when the actions of an organization are consistent with the expectations of management, and these in turn are with the market and the context.† â€Å"Strategic management is an ongoing process that evaluates and controls the business and the industries in which the company is involved; assesses its competitors and sets goals and strategies to meet all existing and potential competitors; and then reassesses each strategy annually or quarterly [i.e. regularly] to determine how it has been implemented and whether it has succeeded or needs replacement by a new strategy to meet changed circumstances, new technology, new competitors, a new economic environment., or a new social, financial, or political environment.† (Lamb, 1984:ix) The following definitions, when combined, characterize a comprehensive strategic planning process. Strategic planning is: a rational analysis of the opportunities offered by an environment and of strengths and weaknesses of the firm, and selection of a match (strategic) between the two which best satisfied the objective of the firm (Ansoff, 1976). the process of determining what an organization does, what it will do in the future, and how it will manage to do it. (Bryson, 1988). disciplined effort to produce fundamental decisions and actions that shape and guide an organization, what it does and why it does it (Bryson, 1988). the continuous process of making present entrepreneurial (risk-taking) decisions systematically and with the greatest knowledge of their futurity; organizing systematically the efforts needed to carry out these decisions; and measuring the results of these decisions against the expectations through organized, systematic feedback (Drucker, 1974). 1.1) Structure of the process- Management Strategy: Strategic Formulation would be the process of the following steps: Mission and Objectives What we want to become and what we aim to achieve. Principles The objectives and the commitments of the University that guide us. Environmental Scanning Factors like global, national and state contexts, education sector, various social and business trends, outcomes and gaps. Strategy Formulation- Strenghts to the opportunities identified and competetive advantage Strategy Implementation- Implementing: budget allocation, procedure. Evaluation and Control- Monitoring and Adjustments required. Developing the strategy would help the University to be acclaimed as International University recognised for innovative and original ideas and exploring and enriching those ideas to enrich individuals, their commitments and the environment. 1.2) Criteria for Reviewing Potential Options: In the delivery of the Universitys Vision, Mission and Aims, choices must be made on where to invest resources (including people, effort, money and infrastructure) to achieve strategic objectives and the associated benefits, and to minimise risk (Sue Hybart, 11 April 2006). The Universitys strategic planning cycle illustrates the process leading from setting strategic objective through option review to making choices upon which specific implementation plans are built. Establishing criterias for strategic investment looking across all areas of the University: Analysis of the System education and its implications Sustain national and international recognition for excellence and enterprise Promote ethical practice in education and research as an integral part of the University culture Maintain a leading research performance through outstanding scholarship,ground-breaking discovery, collaborative networks and commercialised outcomes. Strengthen and sustain a reputation for excellence in learning and teaching through innovation and quality student outcomes. Advance the Innovation Campus as a successful space for developing new ideas and applications through University-business partnerships Strengthen connections to the community through improved channels for interaction and mutually beneficial projects. According to Chan (1993), higher education institutions utilizing strategic planning have five characteristics: a shared and inspiring vision that defines an institutions identity and desired position in the marketplace; a well-done strategic framework that directs institutional energies and activities; an institutional commitment to enrich external environments throug manifesting its values; a widespread strategic thinking capability that prevails over a rigid, formal an centralized planning process; a supportive value system and climate that emphasizes participatory governance and empowers participants within the institution. Moreover there are certain key areas which need to be considered:- Assess the ease of realisation (closure of gap) based on: Distance between current position and aspiration, Investment (funding, time, and other resources) required to close gap on sustainable basis, consideration of market attractiveness and consideration of opportunity cost and risk assessment. Details of administrative support and link to the University. Modifications and support from the staff members. Working in collobatation for the university would act like as an useful tool and it would generate more help and a systemetic way of approach leading to better understanding of the management and their results and analysis. Moreover one of the important factor would be the involvement of the students in learning and their life at University. Moreover to achieve excellent, internationally recognised outcomes, the University should continue to focus more on promoting the ability, creativity, and commitment of the staff at the University. These criteria help in business and enterprise international outlook, and would help in learning and teaching research along with the practical experience and knowledge gained to students and the staff members. According to Mockler (1995) though strategy formulation is very central to understanding strategic management, it does not sufficiently provide a concrete direction for action. This can only be provided by strategy implementation. This view suggests that strategy implementation poses even more difficulties than strategy formulation. However, a basic framework can be derived to serve as a road map to strategy formulation (Mezias, Gringer and Gruth 2001; Hills and Jones 1995; Mockler 1995). 2) Vision, Mission, Objectives and Measures 2.1) PEST Analysis An environment in which the University operates can be expressed in terms of the following factors: Political: It would include various government regulations and legal issues and define various norms and rules under which University operates. It includes tax policies, employment benefits and laws, trade restrictions and tariffs, political coherence among the staff and the students and environmental regulations. Economic Factors: It would and affect the universitys cost allocation. Some key examples are economic growth, interest rates etc. Social Factors: Social factors includes the cultural and demographic aspects. These factors affect customer needs and the size of potential markets. Some factors include health consiousness, career attituded of the students, age distribution and class strength. Business and Technology factors- They can be very important as they may run the other factors. They can lower the barrier to entry, reduce minimum efficcient production levels, including: R and D activity, rate of technology change atc. 2.1.1 SWOT Analysis: Swot analysis helps in matching the resources and the capabilities to the external world in this competetive era. As dicussed on (http://www.quickmba.com/strategy/swot/), a firms strenght are its resources and capabilities that can be used as a basis for developing a competetive advantage.Examples include, strong names, cost advantage, and exclusive access to high grade natural resources. It can be determoined by SWOT matrix which is a very good indicator of the strengths, weakness, opportunities and threats (Bradford and Robert W. Duncan). 2.2 Vision and Mission: Starategy Management Plays into role if the Vision and the mission are defined within the constraints of the guidelines by the University and the Faculty. Vision- To become an international University that is recognised and known for originality, enterprise and its ethics in focussing, exploring, transfering and applying knowledge to enrich its students and the individuals, their communities and the environment. Mission- Our mission is to excel through Research and teaching of world-class innovative standard and impact,learning environment that supports, informs and inspires our diverse student community,Staff initiative, enthusiasm and commitment to the Universitys goals, Collaboration and enterprise that provide innovative and timely ideas and solutions for the University and its community partners (Mockler (1995)). University share a commitment to promoting and celebrating excellence through initiative, enterprise and achievements that take society forward in an intellectual way and the freedom for opinion. It is very important to maintain the integrity, mutual respect and collegiality among the University. Moreover Students from all over the world having different cultures, ideas should stand together for the development of the University. It is very important for the University to foresight the quality and accountability as an institution by mutual development and community partnership. Moreover equal monitoring plays a vital role where students from all over the world are studying. The University is commited to developing graduates who are informed, independent learners, problem solvers, effective communicators, and responsible towards the society and to themselves. 2.3) Objectives and Measures for evaluation: The university can and have set the goals and objectives as parameters for a progress towards the vision: 1. Excellence and innovation in learning and teaching Graduates equipped to contribute to society and the workplace An active, collaborative and flexible learning experience for students Quality programs relevant to the evolving needs of students and the community An international focus in learning and teaching High quality teaching 2. Excellence and innovation in research Research of high quality and impact at an international level Enhanced capacity to attract external grant funding Quality research student scholarship and training Strong partnerships with external organisations to achieve mutually beneficial research outcomes Enhanced capacity for commercial research and commercialisation of research outcomes 3. Dynamic engagement with our communities A University that is accessible, outward reaching and responsive to its communities Strong reciprocal relationships that enrich our communities Integration of community engagement in our academic activities Enhanced educational aspirations and higher education participation in our regions 4. Students engaged with learning and University life Students engaged as members of the University community Efficient and professional management of each phase of the student experience A social and physical environment where all students can participate in University life Effective communication between students and the University 5. A university of international outlook and achievement A community with a diverse and rewarding global perspective and culture A university of choice for international students International recognition for quality, standards and outcomes 6. Versatile, skilled and committed staff An adaptable workforce with skills aligned to strategic directions A supportive, rewarding and equitable work environment 7. Business capacity to advance the achievement of our Vision Decision-making based on sound planning, governance and quality processes Strategic deployment of resources and information A sustainable and reliable infrastructure Plan for the Implementation of the strategy In this section I would be decribing about all the 7 objectives mentioned in the last heading. Moreover I would be explaining the strategic priorities, key indicators of the performance and the plan which could help in the betterment of the University and its members. 3.1) Development and Creation of the strategy Goal 1 The University is committed to providing its diverse body of students with an engaging internationally oriented atmosphere and learning experience. The priority is to promote ethical education as a part of culture, maintaining the reputation of the University and ensuring that graduates and undergraduates are committed to their employers for their knowledge and skills attained at the University. Strategy Goal 1- University must integrate the development of Graduate into the curriculum at any level and standard. University should develop, focuss and implement institutional approaches for analysing the attainment of Graduate Qualities so that University can know what skills are their students gaining. University should continue to give priority to developing the capacity of students and embed the outcomes of the Academic Integrity Project. University must provide opportunities that equip students for employment in a global labour market. University should optimise the mix of delivery methods to enhance the learning experience of students across all teaching locations and facilities to provide a physical environment that is engaging, collaborative and flexible. An international focus would help them to develop their knowledge and skills lobally and would help them to compete in a larger scale. Key Indicators- Learning and Teaching Performance Student Perception Employer Perception International Recognition

Teachings of Life Through the River Essay -- Personal Experience, Autob

My father was always a man of infinite knowledge for those willing to listen. Unbeknownst to him, his knowledge extends beyond what he has to teach. For example, when asked how to clean a fish, he goes through the process in great detail. From where the incision is made to de-scaling the fish, he would always emphasize the care, attention to the smallest detail. With every lesson, the majority of his teachings show how no matter how long the task, any person will always have enough time to finish what they set out to do. As with most aspects of life the same principles apply. The most memorable time of my life was my father’s ecstatic look when I said I would love to learn how to fly fish. When camping as a child of eight years old, my parents, sister, our two dogs and I would go for a hike. During most hikes, we would trek near a small creek or tributary, my father would take off, on his own, to fly fish. I could only stand in awe as the fly line’s arc, still wet, would glisten over my father’s head during each cast. I wasn’t of age to learn the art quite yet. My mother would grab the back of my shirt and drag me back to the hiking trail for fear of me falling in. With every time she pulled me back, I would dig my heels into the ground and flail my arms violently to try and loosen her grip. All I wanted to do was watch and contemplate in my father’s love and splendor for fly fishing. The day eventually came when I was of age to learn the art of fly fishing. At the age of twelve or so, he popped the question, â€Å"do you want to learn how to fly fish† and all the heavy gates lifted. To me, learning how to fly fish would finally bring me that one step closer into the same graces of manhood where my father already stood, patience, ... ...re will always be a long, treacherous path ahead. This path is almost always a bumpy one and is most definitely not a straight one. In one class, a person may completely disagree with a teacher and never heed any of their advice. In others, the teacher could very well be one, if not the only reason for even attending that class. No matter what the circumstances, patience will play an extreme role in anyone’s successful journey through education. Now, patience is never the only thing that gets a person through, determination plays the role of perpetuating the patience, much like catching your dinner. For many, the determination is to attain a better, more fulfilled life. For some, the goal is merely to have fun with their career in the future. Whatever the case may be, patience, determination, and, if that person has it, a little bit of finesse will take anyone far.